Dreaming of gorgeous hardwood floors but don’t know where to start?
We’ve got you.
With the right know-how, you can transform your space into a stunning showcase. From preparation all the way to the finishing touches, our expert guide walks you through every step.
Key Notes
- Acclimate the hardwood to room conditions for 3-5 days to prevent warping.
- Ensure the subfloor is clean and level, and plan the layout to avoid narrow strips at the walls.
- There are different installation methods: nail-down method for solid hardwood, glue-down method for engineered hardwood on concrete subfloors, and floating/click-lock method for DIY projects and engineered hardwood.
Materials and Tools Needed
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Preparation
1. Acclimate the Flooring
Acclimating the hardwood to the room’s humidity and temperature is essential to prevent issues like warping.
Lay the planks flat in the installation room for three to five days. This period allows the wood to adjust to the environment, reducing the risk of expansion or contraction post-installation.
Factors such as the type of wood and the specific environmental conditions can influence this process.
2. Prepare the Subfloor
Remove old flooring, carpet strips, and baseboards. Check for and rectify any moisture problems.
Proper preparation can also include considerations for modern underfloor heating systems.
3. Layout Planning
Determine the direction of the floor joists and plan to install the flooring perpendicular to them for stability.
Plan your layout to avoid narrow strips of wood at the walls, which can be unattractive and less stable. Snap chalk lines to ensure straight rows during installation.
Installation Methods
Installation Method | Description | Best Used For | Pros | Cons |
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Nail-Down Method | Involves nailing hardwood planks to the subfloor using nails or staples. |
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Glue-Down Method | Uses adhesive to attach the hardwood planks directly to the subfloor. |
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Floating / Click-Lock Method | Planks are clicked together without attaching to the subfloor; the floor "floats" above the subfloor. |
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Nail-Down Method
The nail-down method is preferred for solid hardwood floors due to its strength and durability.
First Row
- Align the first board with the chalk line.
- Predrill holes and face-nail the first row. Use spacers to maintain a ¾-inch expansion gap along the wall.
Subsequent Rows
- Fit and lock the boards together by tapping with a mallet.
- Blind-nail at a 45-degree angle through the tongue of each board, securing it to the subfloor. Stagger joints by at least 6 inches to enhance stability and appearance.
Final Rows
- Face-nail the final rows close to the wall where the flooring nailer cannot reach.
- Cut the last row to fit, maintaining the expansion gap. Fill any nail holes with wood putty to match the flooring.
Glue-Down Method
The glue-down method is suitable for engineered hardwood and works best on concrete subfloors.
Application
- Apply adhesive with a trowel in small sections to prevent it from drying out before the planks are laid.
- Lay the boards and press them into the adhesive. Clean any excess adhesive immediately to avoid damaging the finish.
Finishing
- Allow the adhesive to cure according to the manufacturer’s instructions, typically 24 to 48 hours.
- Avoid walking on the floor during this period to prevent shifting.
Floating/Click-Lock Method
The floating/click-lock method is ideal for DIY projects and engineered hardwood.
First Row
- Lay the first row with the groove side facing the wall. Use spacers to maintain an expansion gap.
- Secure the first row with nails if required by the manufacturer.
Subsequent Rows
- Click the boards together by angling and snapping them into place. Ensure tight seams between boards by tapping them gently with a mallet.
- Continue installing rows, maintaining the expansion gap, and staggering the joints for a natural look.
Dreaming Of Perfect Floors Without The Hassle?
Development and Finishing Technology
Advancements in coating technology, such as waterborne UV lacquer, have enhanced the durability and aesthetic appeal of hardwood flooring.
This eco-friendly technology contributes to a more sustainable flooring industry. These finishes provide a protective layer that is both durable and visually appealing, reducing the need for frequent maintenance.
Finishing Touches
To complete your hardwood floor installation:
- Install Baseboards and Shoe Molding: Cover the expansion gaps with baseboards and shoe molding, nailing them to the wall rather than the floor to allow for movement.
- Fill Nail Holes: Use matching wood putty to fill any visible nail holes, ensuring a smooth finish.
- Clean the Floor: Remove any debris or dust to keep the new floor pristine.
Expert Installation Tips
- Regularly check for level and alignment throughout the installation process to avoid uneven floors.
- Mix boards from different boxes to ensure a consistent color and pattern across the floor.
- Maintain the recommended expansion gaps to accommodate wood expansion and contraction due to humidity changes.
- Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions for your specific hardwood flooring to avoid voiding any warranties.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I calculate the amount of hardwood flooring I need?
To determine the amount of hardwood flooring needed, measure the length and width of the room to get the square footage. Add 10% to account for waste, cuts, and mistakes. This extra percentage ensures you have enough material to complete the job without running short.
What is the difference between solid hardwood and engineered hardwood?
Solid hardwood is made from a single piece of wood and is typically ¾ inch thick. It can be sanded and refinished multiple times.
Engineered hardwood consists of a thin layer of hardwood on top of multiple layers of plywood or high-density fiberboard. It is more stable in varying humidity levels and can be installed over concrete subfloors.
Can hardwood flooring be installed in kitchens and bathrooms?
While it is possible to install hardwood flooring in kitchens, extra precautions are necessary due to the high moisture levels. Engineered hardwood is a better choice for these areas because of its stability.
Installing hardwood flooring in bathrooms is generally not recommended due to the constant exposure to moisture, which can cause warping and damage.
How do seasonal changes affect hardwood flooring?
Hardwood flooring can expand and contract with changes in humidity and temperature. During humid months, wood may expand, and during dry months, it may contract.
To minimize these effects, maintain consistent indoor humidity levels (between 30% and 50%) and temperature (between 60°F and 80°F).
Conclusion
By following this step-by-step guide, you can achieve a professional-looking installation that stands the test of time. Whether you choose the nail-down, glue-down, or floating method, careful preparation and attention to detail are crucial for a successful outcome.
If you need a professional to ensure perfect installation, contact us for a free quote today.